Electro-optical single crystal element, method for the preparation thereof, and systems employing the same

A method of producing an electro-optical crystal element, comprising the steps of:

• preparing a ferroelectric crystal having a chemical composition represented by one of the chemical formulas:
• Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)1-xTixO3 where x is defined as 0.22 to 0.38 (I)
• or
• Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)1-yTiO3 where y is defined as 0.04 to 0.11, (II)
• wherein, all said crystal elements can be doped or co-doped with Lanthanum (La) up to 6% (wt %), Antimony (Sb), Tantalum (Ta) up to 8% (wt %), Indium (In) up to 31% (wt %), Zirconium (Zr) up to 5% (wt %) and at least one rare earth element from the group consisting of:
• Cerium (Ce), Erbium (Er), Terbium (Tb), Scandium (Sc), and Neodymium (Nd), up to 8% (wt %);
• slicing said crystal element to (011) and forming wafers;
• and
• polarizing into a mm2-symmetric structure by poling said crystal element in <011> direction under 2 times of coercive field (Ec) in a temperature range below 95° C.