Surgical instruments, systems, and methods incorporating wireless bi-directional communication

A battery assembly couplable to a target device, the battery assembly comprising:

• at least one battery cell;
• a first winding electrically connected to the at least one battery cell and alignable relative to a second winding of the target device to form a transformer therewith;
• and
• battery circuitry electrically connected to the at least one battery cell and the first winding and configured to control at least one of the transfer of electrical power from the at least one battery cell across the transformer to the target device and the reception of electrical power from the target device across the transformer to the at least one battery cell, the battery circuitry configured for simultaneous bi-directional communication of data with the target device via the transferred or received electrical power.

A method of simultaneous bi-directional communication between a battery assembly and a target device, the method comprising:

• coupling the battery assembly to the target device;
• wirelessly transferring electrical power from one of the battery assembly and the target device to the other of the battery assembly and the target device;
• and
• simultaneously transmitting data from the battery assembly to the target device and from the target device to the battery assembly via the transferred electrical power by:
• phase shifting the transferred electrical power by the one of the battery assembly and the target device;
• amplitude modulating the transferred electrical power by the other of the battery assembly and the target device;
• detecting the phase shifting of the transferred electrical power by the other of the battery assembly and the target device;
• and
• detecting the amplitude modulation of the transferred electrical power by the one of the battery assembly and the target device.