Engineering Microorganisms to Increase Ethanol Production by Metabolic Redirection

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A recombinant prokaryotic microorganism comprising:

• (a) a genetic modification in an endogenous gene encoding malate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.37, EC 1.1.1.82, EC 1.1.1.299, EC 1.1.5.4, EC 1.1.3.3, and EC 1.1.99.7), wherein the recombinant microorganism has reduced endogenous malate dehydrogenase activity as compared to the corresponding microorganism that has not been engineered to have reduced malate dehydrogenase activity;
• and,
• (b) a genetic modification in an endogenous gene encoding lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27 and EC 1.1.1.28), wherein the recombinant microorganism has reduced endogenous lactate dehydrogenase activity as compared to the corresponding microorganism that has not been engineered to have reduced lactate dehydrogenase activity.

(canceled)

(canceled)