Systems and methods for fluid analysis using electromagnetic energy

A sampling system for sampling pressurized gases, the sampling system comprising:

• an elongated tubular structure having a first end, a second end, a principal axis extending between the first and the second ends, an interior surface that forms an interior to hold pressurized gases to be sampled, at least a portion of the interior surface of the tubular structure optically reflective at least laterally across the principal axis along at least a first portion of a length of the tubular structure;
• a plurality of emitters operable to provide electromagnetic energy in the interior of the tubular structure at least proximate the first end and directed at least partially laterally across the interior of the tubular structure at an angle to the principal axis that extends toward the second end, each of the emitters selectively operable to emit electromagnetic energy in a respective range of wavelengths in an optical portion of the electromagnetic spectrum, the ranges of wavelengths of at least some of the emitters different from the ranges of wavelengths of others of the emitters;
• at least one primary lateral sampling detector positioned laterally of the principal axis to detect primarily Rayleigh scattered electromagnetic energy from the pressurized gases to be sampled proximate the second end of the chamber structure;
• and
• at least one primary axial sampling detector positioned axially to the principal axis to detect primarily Ramen scattered electromagnetic energy from the pressurized gas to be sampled proximate the second end of the chamber structure;
• and
• at least one calibration detector positioned laterally of the principal axis to detect primarily Rayleigh scattered electromagnetic energy from the pressurized gases to be sampled proximate the first end of the chamber structure.