Stabilized acid amplifiers

A compound of formula I

• wherein
• G1 is selected from —N+(CH3)3, —(CH2)—N+(CH3)3, —(CH2)—NO2, —CH2(CN), —CH(CN)2, —(CH2)0-1SO2(C1-C8)hydrocarbon, —C6F5, —Si(CH3)3, halogen, —CiHj(halogen)k, and CsHt(halogen)u-E, wherein i is 1-2, j is 0-3, k is 1-5, and the sum of j plus k is 2i+1;
• and wherein s is 1-2, t is 0-2, u is 1-4, and the sum of t plus u is 2s;
• E is selected from —(C1-C6)alkyl, aryl, (C1-C6)haloalkyl, haloaryl, haloaryl(C1-C2)alkyl, and aryl(Ct—C2)alkyl;
• G2 is selected from hydrogen, —CF3, —N+(CH3)3, halogen and (C1-C10)hydrocarbon;
• A is selected from the following moieties:
• wherein
• M is —O—, —S— or —NR90—;
• R10 is chosen from (C1-C8)saturated hydrocarbon;
• (C1-C8)saturated hydrocarbon substituted with halogen, cyano or nitro;
• (C1-C8)silaalkane;
• —O—(C1-C8)saturated hydrocarbon;
• —O—(C1-C8)saturated hydrocarbon substituted with halogen, cyano or nitro;
• —S—(C1-C8)saturated hydrocarbon;
• —S—(C1-C8)saturated hydrocarbon substituted with halogen, cyano or nitro;
• and optionally substituted phenyl;
• R20 is chosen from H, (C1-C6) hydrocarbon and (C1-C6) hydrocarbon substituted with nitro or cyano, or taken together with the carbon to which they are attached, R10 and R20 form a three- to eight-membered ring;
• R40 is chosen from H, (C1-C6)alkyl, —C(═O)(C1-C6)alkyl, —C(═O)(C1-C6)alkenyl, —C(═O)(C1-C6)haloalkyl, benzyl, substituted benzyl, —C(═O)phenyl, —C(═O)substituted phenyl, —SO2-phenyl, —SO2(substituted)phenyl and Q;
• or, when M is O or S, R10 and R40 together with the carbons to which they are attached form a four- to eight-membered ring optionally substituted with one or more (C1-C6) hydrocarbon groups;
• R50 is chosen from H, (C1-C6) hydrocarbon, nitro, cyano, (C1-C6) hydrocarbon substituted with nitro or cyano, and (C1-C6)silaalkane, or together with the carbons to which they are attached, R10 and R50 form a (C3-C8) hydrocarbon ring;
• or, when M is O or S, R20 and R50 together with the carbons to which they are attached form a three- to eight-membered ring optionally substituted with one or more (C1-C6) hydrocarbon groups;
• R90 is chosen from H, (C1-C6)alkyl, —C(═O)(C1-C6)alkyl and phenyl, or together with the nitrogen to which they are attached, R40 and R90 may form a nitrogen heterocycle, with the proviso that one of R40 and R90 must be an acyl, and when R40 and R90 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a heterocycle, the heterocyle must contain one or two α-oxo substituents;
• and
• wherein
• Rw, Rx and Ry are chosen independently in each instance from hydrogen, (C1-C10) hydrocarbon and (C1-C8) silaalkane;
• R100 is chosen from hydrogen and (C1-C20) hydrocarbon;
• or
• any two of R100, Rw, Rx, Ry and G2, taken together with the carbons to which they are attached, form a (C5-C8) hydrocarbon ring which may be substituted with (C1-C8)hydrocarbon, with the proviso that the C═C double bond above is not contained within a phenyl ring;
• or
• G1 and A, together with the carbon to which they are attached, can form a non-aromatic, 5- or 6-membered ring D:
• wherein Rg represents one or two substituents independently selected in each instance from hydrogen, -M-R40, (C1-C10)hydrocarbon, hydroxyl and RhCH2COO—, wherein Rh is chosen from halogen, hydroxyl, a polymer and an oligomer;
• and wherein G3 is selected from —N+(CH3)2, —(CH)—NO2, —CH(CN), —C(CN)2, —Si(CH3)2—, —CiHj(halogen)k, and CsHt(halogen)u-E, wherein i is 1-2, j is 0-3, k is 1-5, and the sum of j plus k is 2i;
• and wherein s is 1-2, t is 0-2, u is 1-4, and the sum of t plus u is 2s minus 1;
• and wherein RA and RB can each be selected independently from hydrogen, (C1-C6)alkyl and benzyl;
• R30 is chosen from
• (a) —CnHmFp wherein n is 1-8, m is 0-16, p is 1-17 and the sum of m plus p is 2n+1;
• (b) —CH2C(═O)-Q;
• (c) —CF2CH2OQ;
• (d) —CF2C(═O)-Q;
• (e) —CF2CH2C(═O)—R31, wherein R31 is selected from CH═CH2, CCH3═CH2, CHQCH2Q and CCH3QCH2Q;
• wherein Z is a direct bond, CH2, CHF or CF2;
• R60 is chosen from —CF3, —OCH3, —NO2, F, Cl, Br, —CH2Br, —CH═CH2, —OCH2CH2Br, -Q, —O-Q, —OCH2CH2-Q, —OCH2CH2O-Q, —CH(O)CH2-Q, —OC═OCH═CH2, —OC═OCCH3═CH2, —OC═OCHQCH2Q, and —OC═OCCH3QCH2Q;
• R70 represents from one to four substituents chosen independently in each instance from H, —CF3, —OCH3, —CH3, —NO2, F, Br, Cl, —CiHj(halogen)k, and CsHt(halogen)u-E, wherein i is 1-2, j is 0-3, k is 1-5, and the sum of j plus k is 2i+1;
• and wherein s is 1-2, t is 0-2, u is 1-4, and the sum of t plus u is 2s;
• E is selected from —(C1-C6)alkyl, aryl, (C1-C6)haloalkyl, haloaryl, haloaryl(C1-C2)alkyl, and aryl(C1-C2)alkyl;
• (g) —(CH2)qCl, wherein q is an integer from 1 to 8;
• (h) —CF2C(═O)NHC6H4R60;
• (i) —CH2C(═O)NHC6H4R60;
• and
• (j) —CHFC(═O)NHC6H4R60;
• and
• Q is a polymer or oligomer.