Electrically conductive member, process cartridge and electrophotographic apparatus

An electrically conductive member for electrophotography comprising:

• an electrically conductive mandrel;
• and
• an electrically conductive layer provided on the peripheral surface thereof, wherein:
• the electrically conductive layer contains
• a binder resin having as an ion exchange group a sulfo group or a quaternary ammonium salt group in the molecule thereof, and
• an ion with a polarity opposite to that of the ion exchange group;
• and wherein:
• the binder resin has
• any structure selected from the group consisting of structures represented by formulas (1)-1 to (1)-3, and
• any structure selected from the group consisting of structures represented by formulas (2)-1 and (2)-2, and
• the binder resin has a molecular structure that prevents any matrix-domain structure from being formed in the electrically conductive layer:
• where, in the formula (1)-1, n1 represents an integer of 1 or more;
• in the formula (1)-2, n2 represents an integer of 1 or more;
• and, in the formula (1)-3, n3 represents an integer of 1 or more;
• and
• where, in the formula (2)-1, m1 and p1 each independently represent an integer of 1 or more, and the ratio of m1 to p1, m1:p1, is from 74:26 to 90:10;
• and, in the formula (2)-2, m2 and p2 each independently represent an integer of 1 or more, and the ratio of m2 to p2, m2:p2, is from 74:26 to 90:10.