Apparatus and method for advanced electrochemical modification of liquids

An apparatus for electrochemical modification of liquid streams employing at least one electrolytic cell which comprises:

• at least one anode assembly including at least one anode compartment arranged to contain a liquid electrolyte anolyte and having at least one collection region and at least one feeding region, a plurality of electrically conducting anode particulates forming an anode particulate bed, and a current distribution contactor device in at least intermittent contact with the anode particulate bed, where the anode particulates are in progressive migrating motion and the anode particulates motion substantially independent of bulk anolyte flow,
• at least one cathode assembly including at least one cathode compartment arranged to contain a liquid electrolyte catholyte and having at least one collection region and at least one feeding region, a plurality of electrically conducting cathode particulates forming a cathode particulate bed, and a current distribution contactor device in at least intermittent contact with said cathode particulates where the cathode particulates are in progressive migrating motion and the particulates motion is substantially independent of bulk catholyte flow,
• at least one separator arranged to separate the at least one cathode compartment and the at least one anode compartment, to confine the anode particulates bed and the cathode particulates bed, and to constrain a portion of the at least one liquid electrolyte flows through the anode particulates bed and the cathode particulates bed, and to facilitate ionic conduction of current between the anode particulates bed and the cathode particulates bed,
• at least one actuation module arranged substantially outside of the at least one at least one cathode compartment arranged for transport of electrically conducting cathode particulates from the at least one collecting region to the at least one feeding region of the at least one anode compartment,
• at least one additional actuation module arranged substantially outside of the at least one at least one anode compartment arranged for transport of electrically conducting anode particulates from the at least one collecting region to the at least one feeding region of the at least one anode compartment,
• at least one system fox substantially independent circulations of the at least one liquid electrolyte anolyte and liquid electrolyte catholyte through the electrolytic cell,
• and at least one system, for driving unidirectional electric current supported by the at least one liquid streams conducting from the anode assembly through the anolyte and through the separator structure and through the catholyte and to the cathode assembly.