Redirection of electromagnetic signals using substrate structures

A dielectric substrate assembly comprising:

• a first conductive layer;
• a second conductive layer parallel to, spaced from, and opposite the first conductive layer,
• a dielectric layer extending between the first and second conductive layers;
• and
• a plurality of electrically conductive components connected to and extending between the first and second conductive layers, the conductive components being spaced apart and distributed in the dielectric layer in a configuration defining, in combination with the first and second conductive layers, a waveguide extending through the dielectric layer.

A waveguide for conducting an electromagnetic EHF signal, comprising:

• an elongate length of a dielectric material having a rectangular cross section transverse to the elongate length of the dielectric material, the elongate length of dielectric material having a first lateral side and a second lateral side opposed to the first lateral side, and a first major side and a second major side opposed to the first major side;
• so that the elongate length of dielectric material has a width corresponding to a distance between the first lateral side and the second lateral side, and a height corresponding to a distance between the first major side and the second major side;
• and
• a conductive layer substantially covering the first and second major sides of the length of dielectric material.