Analysis of gases

A system comprising:

• a sample collector to collect a sample associated with an individual and present a gas sample for analysis;
• a photoacoustic spectrometer comprising:
• an infrared source to generate infrared electromagnetic radiation,
• a measurement cell to present a gas sample for interaction with the infrared electromagnetic radiation,
• a timing device to vary incidence of the infrared electromagnetic radiation on the gas sample presented by the measurement cell, and
• an acoustic transducer to transduce consequences of time varying interaction between the incident infrared electromagnetic radiation and the gas sample presented by the measurement cell;
• one or more data storage devices that include individualized information reflecting a correlation between concentration of the one or more non-aqueous gases in gas samples and a medical condition of the individual and generalized information reflecting a correlation between concentration of the one or more non-aqueous gases in gas samples associated with a population of individuals and a medical condition of the population;
• and
• a data analysis device to identify a disease state of the individual based on the concentration of one or more non-aqueous gases in the gas sample, the individualized information, and the generalized information.

A system comprising:

• a gas analysis device to analyze a current gas sample originated from an animal to determine a concentration of one or more non-aqueous gases in the gas sample;
• a data storage device that includes information reflecting a concentration of one or more non-aqueous gases in a previously acquired gas sample taken from the animal;
• and
• a data analysis device to identify a disease state of the animal based on a comparison of the concentrations of the one or more non-aqueous gases in the previously acquired and current gas samples.