Multi-disk fault-tolerant system, method for generating a check block, and method for recovering a data block

A multi-disk fault-tolerant system, comprising a disk array and a calculation module connected through a system bus, wherein

• the disk array is formed by p disks, wherein p is a natural number greater than or equal to 3, and a fault-tolerant disk amount of the disk array is q, wherein q is a natural number smaller than p/2 and not smaller than 2;
• data in the disk array is arranged according to a form of a matrix M of (m+q)×p, wherein m is a prime number smaller than or equal to p−q;
• in the matrix M, a 0th row is virtual data blocks being virtual and having values being 0, a 1st row to an (m−1)th row are data blocks, an mth row to an (m+q−1)th row are a check area;
• wherein for each data block in a check group in which a check block Cm−1+l,n in the check area is located, a row number is m−k·l, a column number is n+k, a span of k is from l to m−1+l, wherein l is a row number of the check block in the check area, 1≦l≦q, n is a column number corresponding to the check block, 0≦n≦p−1;
• data in the check block is an (exclusive-or) XOR value of data of all data blocks in the check group to which the check block belongs;
• and
• the calculation module is configured to perform XOR calculation according to the data block in the check group to generate the check block in the check group, and recover the data block according to the check block when the disk is damaged.