Lead-free resistive composition

A thick-film resistor formed from a substantially lead-free thick-film resistor paste composition including a resistor composition dispersed in an organic vehicle, said resistor composition comprising:

• (e) RuO2 conductive material;
• (f) an α-oxide selected from the group consisting of CuO, Na2O, K2O, Li2O and combinations thereof;
• (g) a borosilicate glass composition comprising:
• (i) B2O3, (ii) SO2, (iii) a δ-oxide selected from the group consisting of BaO, CaO, ZnO, SrO, MgO and combinations thereof, and optionally including any of (iv) P2O5, (v) ZrO2 and (vi) Al2O3, and wherein said CuO α-oxide is present in the paste composition either separately, or in the borosilicate glass composition, or both, and wherein said Na2O, K2O, Li2O α-oxide(s) and combinations thereof are present in the borosilicate glass composition;
• and
• (h) a β-oxide selected from the group consisting of TiO2, Ta2O5, Nb2O5 and combinations thereof;
• wherein said TiO2, Ta2O5, Nb2O5 β-oxide(s) and combinations thereof are present in the paste composition either separately, or in the borosilicate glass composition, or both.