Adsorption filter material, especially a permeable barrier layer composite with an adsorbent, and the use thereof

The adsorptive filtering material according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the perforations (4a) and/or the perforations (4b) independently of each other have a diameter of 1 to 10 000 μm, more particularly 1 to 1000 μm, preferably 5 to 750 μm, more preferably 10 to 500 μm, even more preferably 20 to 300 μm and yet even more preferably 50 to 200 μm.

The adsorptive filtering material according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the perforations (4a) and/or the perforations (4b) independently of each other have a length and/or width of 1 to 10 000 μm, more particularly 1 to 1000 μm, preferably 5 to 750 μm, more preferably 10 to 500 μm, even more preferably 20 to 300 μm and yet even more preferably 50 to 200 μm.

The adsorptive filtering material according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the total area of the perforations (4a) based on the first blocking layer (3a) and/or the total area of the perforations (4b) based on the second blocking layer (3b) independently of each other is at most 50%, more particularly at most 25%, preferably at most 10%, more preferably at most 5%, even more preferably at most 2% and yet even more preferably at most 1%.

The adsorptive filtering material according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the area-based number of perforations (4a) or perforations (4b) independently of each other and based on the total area of the first blocking layer (3a) or the second blocking layer (3b) is 1 to 10 000 perforations/cm2, more particularly 5 to 1000 perforations/cm2, preferably 10 to 500 perforations/cm2 and more preferably 15 to 300 perforations/cm2.

The adsorptive filtering material according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the perforations (4a) and the perforations (4b) are arranged relative to each other such that a lengthening and/or enlarging of the flow path through the adsorptive filtering material (1) results and/or wherein a lengthened residence time results for the air, gases, aerosols or the like flowing through the adsorptive filtering material (1), and/or wherein a reduced flow rate results.

The adsorptive filtering material according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the perforations (4a) and the perforations (4b) are arranged relative to each other such that any straight-line, more particularly direct flow through the adsorptive filtering material (1), more particularly by air, gases, aerosols or the like, perpendicularly to the main extension plane of the adsorptive filtering material (1) is suppressed or at least reduced.

The adsorptive filtering material according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the perforations (4a) and the perforations (4b) are arranged offset relative to each other such that the perforations (4a) have an offset (A), more particularly an at least essentially identical minimum offset (A′), in the projection plane from the respectively closest perforations (4b).

The adsorptive filtering material according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the perforations (4a) and/or the perforations (4b) are arranged in the form of a regular repeat and/or in repeat groups (14a, 14b), more particularly in the form of lines, preferably straight lines, circles, ellipses or the like.

The adsorptive filtering material according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the first blocking layer (3a) and/or the second blocking layer (3b) independently of each other are configured as foil, film or membrane, and/or wherein the first blocking layer (3a) and/or the second blocking layer (3b) independently of each other are produced from a plastics material or polymer material, or comprise such, more particularly wherein the plastics material is selected from the group of polyolefins, polyamides, polyethers, polyesters, polyurethanes, polyether amides, polyester amides, polytetrafluoroethylenes and/or polymers or copolymers based on cellulose and also derivatives of the aforementioned compounds, more particularly wherein the first blocking layer (3a) and/or the second blocking layer (3b) independently of each other are a polyurethane-based membrane or a membrane based on polytetrafluoroethylene.

The adsorptive filtering material according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the first blocking layer (3a) and/or the second blocking layer (3b) are, in relation to the respective area without perforations (4a, 4b) and independently of each other, configured to be continuous, more particularly uninterrupted, and/or wherein the first blocking layer (3a) and/or the second blocking layer (3b) independently of each other have a thickness of 1 to 500 μm, more particularly 1 to 250 μm, preferably 1 to 100 μm, more preferably 1 to 50 μm, even more preferably 2.5 to 30 μm and yet even more preferably 5 to 25 μm.

The adsorptive filtering material according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the first blocking layer (3a) and/or the second blocking layer (3b) independently of each other have a multilayered configuration, more particularly wherein the respective layers of the blocking layers (3a, 3b) are identical or different and/or wherein the first blocking layer (3a) and/or the second blocking layer (3b) independently of each other are configured as a multilayered blocking layer laminate and/or as a multilayered blocking layer composite, more particularly wherein the blocking layer laminate and/or the blocking layer composite consist of at least two, preferably at least three interconnected layers or plies.

The adsorptive filtering material according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the adsorptive layer (5) is configured to be discontinuous and/or wherein the adsorptive layer (5) is configured as an adsorptive sheet filter.

The adsorptive filtering material according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the adsorptive material of the adsorptive layer (5) is a material based on activated carbon, more particularly in the form of particles and/or fibers of activated carbon.

The adsorptive filtering material according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the adsorptive layer (5) comprises, as adsorptive material, discrete particles of activated carbon, preferably in granule form (“granulocarbon”) or spherical form (“spherocarbon”), more particularly wherein the average diameter of the particles of activated carbon is more particularly <0.5 mm, preferably <0.4 mm, more preferably <0.35 mm, even more preferably <0.3 mm and yet even more preferably ≦0.25 mm, and/or wherein the average diameter of the particles of activated carbon is at least 0.1 mm.

The adsorptive filtering material according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the adsorptive layer (5) comprises, as adsorptive material, fibers of activated carbon, more particularly in the form of an activated carbon fabric, more particularly wherein the activated carbon fabric has a basis weight of 20 to 200 g/m2, more particularly 50 to 150 g/m2, and/or more particularly wherein the activated carbon fabric is a woven, loop-formingly knitted, laid or bonded fabric of activated carbon, more particularly based on carbonized and activated cellulose and/or a carbonized and activated acrylonitrile.

The adsorptive filtering material according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the adsorptive material of the adsorptive layer (5), more particularly the particles and/or fibers of activated carbon, is additionally impregnated with at least one catalyst, more particularly wherein enzymes and/or metal ions, preferably ions of copper, silver, cadmium, platinum, palladium, zinc and/or mercury, are used as catalyst, and/or more particularly wherein the amount of catalyst is 0.05% to 12% by weight, preferably 1% to 10% by weight, more preferably 2% to 8% by weight, based on the weight of the adsorptive layer (5).

The adsorptive filtering material according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the adsorptive filtering material (1) includes a first interlayer (6a) arranged between the adsorptive layer (5) and the first blocking layer (3a) and/or a second interlayer (6b) arranged between the adsorptive layer (5) and the second blocking layer (3b).

The adsorptive filtering material according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the adsorptive filtering material (1) includes a covering layer which in the donned state faces away from the wearer and is assigned to the first blocking layer (3a), more particularly wherein the covering layer is a woven fabric, loop-formingly knitted fabric, loop-drawingly knitted fabric, laid fabric, nonwoven fabric or bonded textile fabric, and/or wherein the covering layer has a basis weight of 20 to 200 g/m2, more particularly 30 to 150 g/m2 and preferably 50 to 120 g/m2, and/or wherein the covering layer is configured to be abrasion resistant and more particularly consists of an abrasion-resistant textile material, and/or wherein the covering layer is hydro- and/or oleophobicized and/or plasma treated.

The adsorptive filtering material according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the adsorptive filtering material (1) includes an inner layer which in the donned state faces toward the wearer and is assigned to the second blocking layer (3b), more particularly wherein the inner layer is a woven fabric, loop-formingly knitted fabric, loop-drawingly knitted fabric, laid fabric, nonwoven fabric or bonded textile fabric, and/or wherein the covering layer has a basis weight of 5 to 75 g/m2, more particularly 10 to 50 g/m2 and preferably 15 to 30 g/m2.

The adsorptive filtering material according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the individual layers (3a, 5, 3b) of the adsorptive filtering material (1) are each interconnected, and/or wherein the individual layers (3a, 5, 3b) of the adsorptive filtering material (1) form a composite.

The adsorptive filtering material according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the adsorptive filtering material (1) has a thickness (d) of 0.1 mm to 20 mm, more particularly 0.5 mm to 15 mm, preferably 1 mm to 10 mm and more preferably 2 mm to 8 mm, and/or wherein the adsorptive filtering material (1) has a basis weight of 50 to 1000 g/m2, more particularly 75 to 750 g/m2, preferably 100 to 550 g/m2 and more preferably 150 to 450 g/m2.

The adsorptive filtering material according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the adsorptive filtering material (1) has a water vapor transmission rate of at least 15 l/m2 per 24 h, more particularly at least 20 l/m2 per 24 h and preferably at least 25 l/m2 per 24 h at 25° C. and at a thickness of the blocking layers (3a, 3b) of 50 μm each, and/or wherein the adsorptive filtering material (1) has a water vapor transmission resistance Ret under steady state conditions, measured according to DIN EN 31 092:1993 (February 1994) and the international standard ISO 11 092, at 35° C. of at most 25 (m2·pascal)/watt, more particularly at most 20 (m2·pascal)/watt, preferably at most 13 (m2·pascal)/watt at a thickness of the blocking layers (3a, 3b) of 50 μm each, and/or wherein the adsorptive filtering material (1) has a barrier effect in respect of chemical warfare agents, more particularly bis[2-chloroethyl]sulfide (mustard gas, Hd, Yellow Cross), measured in the diffusive flow test, permitting a permeance of at most 4 μg/cm2 per 24 h, more particularly at most 3.5 μg/cm2 per 24 h, preferably at most 3.0 μg/cm2 per 24 h and even more preferably at most 2.5 μg/cm2 per 24 h, at a thickness of the blocking layers (3a, 3b) of 50 μm.

The adsorptive filtering material according to any one of the preceding claims, the adsorptive filtering material (1) is gas pervious, more particularly air pervious, more particularly wherein the gas or air perviousness of the adsorptive filtering material (1) is at least 10 l·m−2·s−1, more particularly at least 30 l·m−2·s−1, preferably at least 50 l·m−2·s−1, more preferably at least 100 l·m−2·s−1 and even more preferably at least 400 l·m−2·s−1, and/or up to 10 000 l·m−2·s−1 at a flow resistance of 127 Pa, and/or wherein the adsorptive filtering material (1) has a water vapor transmission rate of at least 5 l/m2 per 24 h, more particularly at least 10 l/m2 per 24 h, preferably at least 15 l/m2 per 24 h, more preferably at least 20 l/m2 per 24 h and even more preferably at least 25 l/m2 per 24 h.

A process for producing the adsorptive filtering material (1) according to the preceding claims,

• wherein at least one first blocking layer (3a) that includes a multiplicity of perforations (4a) and at least one second blocking layer (3b) that includes a multiplicity of perforations (4b) and also an adsorptive layer (5) arranged between the first blocking layer (3a) and the second blocking layer (3b) are combined, more particularly connected, preferably by lamination, with each other to form an adsorptive filtering material (1), more particularly as previously defined,
• wherein the first blocking layer (3a) and the second blocking layer (3b) are arranged such that the perforations (4a) and the perforations (4b) are nonoverlapping and/or noncongruent.

Protective materials, more particularly for the civilian or military sector, more particularly protective apparel, such as protective suits, protective gloves, protective footwear, protective socks, protective headwear and the like, and also protective coverings, such as tents, sleeping bags, preferably all aforementioned protective materials for NBC deployment, produced using an adsorptive filtering material according to any one of the preceding claims and/or including an adsorptive filtering material according to any one of the preceding claims.

Filters and filtering materials, more particularly for removing noxiant, odorant and toxicant materials of any kind, more particularly from air and/or gas streams, such as NBC protective mask filters, odor filters, sheet filters, air filters, more particularly filters for indoor air cleaning, adsorption-capable backing structures and filters for the medical sector, produced using an adsorptive filtering material according to any one of the preceding claims and/or including an adsorptive filtering material according to any one of the preceding claims.

The use of an adsorptive filtering material according to any one of the preceding claims in the manufacture of protective materials of any kind, more particularly of protective apparel, more particularly for the civilian or military sector, such as protective suits, protective gloves, protective footwear, protective socks, protective headwear and the like, and of protective coverings of any kind, preferably all aforementioned protective materials for NBC deployment.

The use of an adsorptive filtering material according to any one of the preceding claims for producing filters and filtering materials of any kind, more particularly for removing noxiant, odorant and toxicant materials of any kind, more particularly from air and/or gas streams, such as NBC protective mask filters, odor filters, sheet filters, air filters, more particularly filters for indoor air cleaning, adsorption-capable backing structures and filters for the medical sector.