Compositions and Methods for Modulating Inflammation Using Fluoroquinolones

A method for modulating an inflammation in a subject, the method comprising administering to the subject a composition comprising an effective amount of a fluoroquinolone having Formula I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, or VIII, or a salt thereof

• wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, unsubstituted lower alkyl groups, substituted lower alkyl groups, cycloalkyl groups, unsubstituted C5-C24 aryl groups, substituted C5-C24 aryl groups, unsubstituted C5-C24 heteroaryl groups, substituted C5-C24 heteroaryl groups, and groups that can be hydrolyzed in living bodies;
• R2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, unsubstituted amino group, and amino groups substituted with one or two lower alkyl groups;
• R3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, unsubstituted lower alkyl groups, substituted lower alkyl groups, cycloalkyl groups, unsubstituted lower alkoxy groups, substituted lower alkoxy groups, unsubstituted C5-C24 aryl groups, substituted C5-C24 aryl groups, unsubstituted C5-C24 heteroaryl groups, substituted C5-C24 heteroaryl groups, unsubstituted C5-C24 aryloxy groups, substituted C5-C24 aryloxy groups, unsubstituted C5-C24 heteroaryloxy groups, substituted C5-C24 heteroaryloxy groups, and groups that can be hydrolyzed in living bodies;
• X is selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms;
• Y is selected from the group consisting of CH2, O, S, SO, SO2, and NR4, wherein R4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, unsubstituted lower alkyl groups, substituted lower alkyl groups, and cycloalkyl groups;
• and
• Z is selected from the group consisting of oxygen and two hydrogen atoms.