A device for controlling the opening of the hood (1) of the engine compartment of a vehicle, connected in an articulated manner to the bodywork of the vehicle to be able to open partially by rotating about the articulation from the rear to the front of the vehicle from a position in which the hood (1) is latched to the bodywork, by means of at least one hook (18), this device comprising an impact detector (4) placed at the front of the vehicle interacting with an actuator (5, 19, 21) to control the unlatching of said hook (18) and means for guiding the opening of the hood (1), characterized in that said means for guiding the opening of the hood (1) include means for guiding the rear edge (1a) of the hood (1) in a substantially vertical direction (D).