Method for low temperature densification of ceramic materials

A method for the preparation of a composite ceramic material comprising:

• treating a porous metal oxide ceramic material with a solution of a metal-organic polymer, wherein;
• the solution of a metal-organic polymer comprises from about 2 to about 20 percent by volume of the solution of a metal oxide having a different composition than the porous metal oxide ceramic material;
• and
• heating the treated porous metal oxide ceramic material at a temperature of about
• 200° C. to about 800° C. to yield a composite metal oxide ceramic material.

A method of preparing a metal oxide thin film on a substrate comprising:

• preparing a suspension of a powdered metal oxide comprising
• a metal oxide powder,
• a solvent;
• applying the suspension of the powdered metal oxide to a substrate to give a layer
• of the metal oxide;
• treating the layer of the metal oxide with a solution of a metal-organic polymer;
• and heat treatment at a temperature of about 200° C. to about 800° C. to give the metal oxide thin film.