Magnetic random access memory

A magnetic random access memory comprising:

• a magnetoresistance element;
• a first wiring through which a write current is flown for writing data into said magnetoresistance element;
• a first yoke layer formed of ferromagnetic material, extended in said first direction, and covering at least portion of a surface of said wiring;
• a magnetic field control structure introducing a magnetic field developed by magnetic poles appearing at ends of said first yoke layer in said first direction away from said magnetoresistance element.

A magnetic random access memory comprising:

• a magnetoresistance element;
• a wiring through which a write current is flown for writing data into said magnetoresistance element;
• and
• a yoke layer formed of ferromagnetic material, extended in a direction in which said wiring is extended, and covering at least portion of a surface of said second wiring,
• wherein an end of said yoke layer is positioned sufficiently far away so that a magnetic field emitted from said end exerts substantially no effect on characteristics of said magnetoresistance element.

A magnetic random access memory comprising:

• magnetoresistance elements arranged in rows and columns;
• a wiring through which a write current is flown for writing data into said magnetoresistance elements;
• and
• a yoke layer formed of ferromagnetic material, extended in a direction in which said wiring is extended, and covering at least portion of a surface of said second wiring,
• wherein an end of said yoke layer is positioned away from a nearest magnetoresistance element so that an intensity of a magnetic field which a magnetic pole appears at said end applies to said nearest magnetoresistance element is reduced down to or less of one-fifth of an intrinsic coercive field of free ferromagnetic layers within said magnetoresistance elements, said nearest magnetoresistance element being one of said magnetoresistance elements closest to said end.

A magnetic random access memory comprising:

• a plurality of first wirings extending in a first direction;
• a plurality of second wirings disposed to extend in a second direction different from said first direction;
• first yoke layers covering at least portions of said respective first wirings;
• and
• magnetoresistance elements arranged at respective intersections of said first and second wirings,
• wherein first ends of said first yoke layers in said first direction are positioned away from nearest magnetoresistance elements so that distances from said nearest magnetoresistance elements to said first ends are equal to or more than a minimum pitch of said second wirings, said nearest magnetoresistance elements being ones of said magnetoresistance elements positioned nearest to said first ends.