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US 2004/0069342 A1Published application
Drag reduction of a heat-distributing water-based liquid contaning large amounts of anti-freeze
OwnerMartin Hellsten, Hans Oskarssoninventors
Life of this patent
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the use of a zwitterionic surfactant in combination with an anionic surfactant, selected from the group consisting of a sulphonate, a sulphate, an ether sulphate, an ether carboxylate, or a mixture thereof, as a drag-reducing agent in a water-based liquid suitable for heat distribution. Besides the drag-reducing agent the water-based liquid contains 5-35% by weight of the ethylene glycol compound of the formula HO(C2H4O)nH, where n is a number from 1 to 4 and 0-4% by weight of an electrolyte.
Claims10
A water-based liquid, characterised in that it contains
- a) 0.01-1.0% by weight of a surfactant composition containing a zwitterionic surfactant having the formula
- 8
- R is a group containing a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group or acyl group with 20-24 carbon atoms, R6 and R7 are independently of each other an alkyl group of 1-4 carbon atoms or an hydroxyalkyl group of 2-4 carbon atoms, M is a cationic group, and R4 is an alkylene group of 1-4 carbon atoms,
- and 0-140% by weight of the zwitterionic surfactant of formula I of another zwitterionic surfactant having the formula
- 9
- where R″ is a group containing a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group or acyl group with 10-19 carbon atoms and R6, R7 and R4 have the meanings mentioned above,
- in combination with an anionic surfactant having the general structure
- R1(OA)nB, R1O(AO)nCmH2mD, R3NH(AO)nCmH2mD or R1E
- or a mixture thereof, where R1 is a hydrocarbon group of 10-24 carbon atoms, R3 is an acyl group of 10-24 carbon atoms, A is an alkylene group having 2-4 carbon atoms, n is a number from 1 to 10, m is a number from 1 to 4, B is a sulphate group OSO3M, D is a carboxylate group COOM, E is a sulphate group OSO3M or a sulphonate group —SO3M and M is a cationic group,
- in a weight proportion between the total amount of the zwitterionic surfactants of formula I and II and the total amount of the anionic surfactants of from 100:1 to 1:2,
- b) 5-35% by weight of a glycol compound of the formula HO(C2H4O)nH, where n is 1-4, preferably 1,
- c) 65-95% by weight of water and
- d) 0-4% by weight of an inorganic, water-soluble electrolyte.
10 more elements
Use of a surfactant composition containing a zwitterionic surfactant having the formula
- 12
- R is a group containing a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group or acyl group with 20-24 carbon atoms, R6 and R7 are independently of each other an alkyl group of 1-4 carbon atoms or an hydroxyalkyl group of 2-4 carbon atoms and R4 is an alkylene group of 1-4 carbon atoms,
- and 0-140% by weight of the zwitterionic surfactant of formula I of another zwitterionic surfactant having the formula
- 13
- where R″ is a group containing a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group or acyl group with 10-19 carbon atoms and R6, R7 and R4 have the meanings mentioned above,
- in combination with an anionic surfactant having the general structure
- R1(OA)nB, R1O(AO)nCmH2mD, R3NH(AO)nCmH2mD or R1E
- or a mixture thereof, where R1 is a hydrocarbon group of 10-24 carbon atoms, R3 is an acyl group of 10-24 carbon atoms, A is an alkylene group having 2-4 carbon atoms, n is a number from 1 to 10, where m is 1-4, B is a sulphate group OSO3M, D is a carboxylate group COOM, E is a sulphate group OSO3M or a sulphonate group —SO3M and M is a cationic group,
- in a weight proportion between the total amount of the zwitterionic surfactants of formula I and II and the total amount of the anionic surfactants of from 100:1 to 1:2,
- as a drag-reducing agent in a water-based liquid containing
- b) 5-35% by weight of a glycol compound of the formula HO(C2H4O)nH, where n is 1-4,
- c) 65-95% by weight of water and
- d) 0-4% by weight of an inorganic, water-soluble electrolyte.
10 more elements
A surfactant composition containing a zwitterionic surfactant having the formula
- 16
- R is a group containing a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group or acyl group with 20-24 carbon atoms, R6 and R7 are independently of each other an alkyl group of 1-4 carbon atoms or an hydroxyalkyl group of 2-4 carbon atoms and R4 is an alkylene group of 1-4 carbon atoms,
- and 5-140% by weight of the zwitterionic surfactant of formula I of another zwitterionic surfactant having the formula
- 17
- where R″ is a group containing a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group or acyl group with 10-19 carbon atoms and R6, R7 and R4 have the meanings mentioned above,
- in combination with an anionic surfactant having the general structure
- R1(OA)nB, R1O(AO)nCmH2mD, R3NH(AO)nCmH2mD or R1E
- or a mixture thereof, where R1 is a hydrocarbon group of 10-24 carbon atoms, R3 is an acyl group of 10-24 carbon atoms, A is an alkylene group having 2-4 carbon atoms, n is a number from 1 to 10, m is a number from 1 to 4, B is a sulphate group OSO3M, D is a carboxylate group COOM, E is a sulphate group OSO3M or a sulphonate group —SO3M and M is a cationic group,
- in a weight proportion between the total amount of the zwitterionic surfactants of formula I and II and the total amount of the anionic surfactants of from 100:1 to 1:2.
6 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.