Method for measuring the non-linear coefficient and/or the dispersion coefficient 2 of an optical fiber (8) in an optical data transmission path by four-wave mixing, characterized in that at least two pump signals (3, 4) of known intensity with at least two different input frequencies fi and fk are injected into one end of an optical fiber (8) to be measured, in order to obtain at least two signals with at least two new frequencies fn by four-wave mixing, with the intensity of the backscattered signals of the new frequency fn being measured at the feed side and the non-linear coefficient and/or the dispersion coefficient 2 being determined from this.