Microelectromechanical heating apparatus and fluid preconcentrator device utilizing same

A microelectromechanical, fluid preconcentrator device which sorbs at least one fluid species of interest from a fluid over time and releases the at least one fluid species of interest upon demand, the device comprising:

• a substrate;
• at least one heater including an array of heating elements supported in spaced relationship on the substrate wherein the heating elements are sized and spaced to substantially uniformly heat at least one heating chamber within the at least one heater;
• and
• at least one sorptive material located within the at least one heating chamber and capable of sorbing the at least one fluid species of interest from a fluid over time and releasing the at least one fluid species of interest upon heating the at least one sorptive material by the at least one heater.