Compositions useful as inhibitors of protein kinases

A compound of formula I:

• 79
• or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative thereof, wherein:
• Y is nitrogen or CR2;
• R2 is R, oxo, halogen, —CN, —NO2, —CO2R, —Ar, —T—Ar, or —T—R;
• X is sulfur, oxygen, or NR2′;
• R2′is R, or
• R2′and R2 are taken together to form a optionally substituted 5-7 membered, partially unsaturated or fully unsaturated ring having zero to two ring heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, wherein:
• each substitutable ring nitrogen of the ring formed by R2and R2′is optionally substituted;
• each occurrence of R is independently hydrogen, an optionally substituted C1-6 aliphatic group, or Ar;
• Z1 is nitrogen or CRX;
• RX is —R, halogen, —N(R)2, —NO2, —CN, —CO2R, —OR, or —SR;
• wherein
• two R bound to the same nitrogen atom may be taken together with that nitrogen atom to form a five or six membered heterocyclic or heteroaryl ring having one to two additional heteratoms independently selected from oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur;
• Z2 is nitrogen or CRY, provided that Z1 and Z2 are not simultaneously nitrogen;
• RY is —R1, —CN, halogen, —NO2, —Ar, —T—Ar, or —T—R, or
• RX and RY are taken together to form an optionally substituted 5-7 membered partially unsaturated or fully unsaturated ring having zero to two heteroatoms independently selected from oxygen, sulfur, or nitrogen, wherein:
• each substitutable ring nitrogen of the ring formed by RX and RY is optionally substituted;
• R1 is hydrogen or an optionally substituted C1-6 aliphatic group;
• each Ar is independently an optionally substituted 3-6 membered heterocyclic ring having one or two heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur;
• or a 5 or 6 membered aryl ring having zero to three heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, wherein:
• Ar is optionally fused to a five or six membered partially unsaturated, or fully unsaturated ring having zero to two heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur;
• T is a C1-4 alkylidene chain wherein one methylene unit of T is optionally replaced by —O—, —S—, —C(O)—, —CO2—, —NR—, —NRC(O)—, —NRC(O)NR—, —C(O)C(O)—, —OC(O)NR—, —NRCO2—, —SO2NR—, —NRSO2—, or —NRSO2NR—;
• Q is —N(R′)—, —S—, —O—, —C(R′)2—, or a valence bond, provided that Q is other than a valence bond when Ht is a triazole ring;
• wherein
• each R′ is independently hydrogen or C1-6 aliphatic;
• and
• Ring D is a five or six membered optionally substituted monocyclic aryl ring having zero to two heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur;
• or an eight to ten membered optionally substituted partially unsaturated or fully unsaturated bicyclic ring having zero to four heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur.