Antenna arrays formed of spiral sub-array lattices

An array antenna providing a plurality of radiation beam patterns, comprising:

• a plurality of sub-arrays;
• and
• wherein the each one of the plurality of sub-arrays comprises a first group of antenna elements configured in a first spiral orientation nested among a second group of antenna elements configured in a second spiral orientation, and wherein the first group of antenna elements are selected to provide a first radiation beam pattern and wherein the second group of antenna elements are selected to provide a second radiation beam pattern.

A phased array antenna comprising:

• a plurality of sub-arrays each comprising a plurality of antenna elements;
• and
• wherein the antenna elements of each one of the plurality of sub-arrays are configured in a spiral orientation, and wherein the spiral orientation comprises positioning the antenna elements to minimize the number of antenna elements that are intersected by imaginary planes perpendicular to the plane of the sub-array and passing through the spiral center.

An antenna, comprising:

• a plurality of antenna elements arranged in a spiral orientation;
• and
• wherein the spiral orientation comprises positioning the plurality of antenna elements to minimize the number of antenna elements that are intersected by imaginary planes perpendicular to the plane of the antenna and passing through the spiral center.

An antenna comprising:

• a plurality of sub-arrays each comprising a plurality of antenna elements configured in a spiral orientation, wherein the spiral orientation comprises positioning the plurality of antenna elements to minimize the number of antenna elements that are intersected by imaginary planes perpendicular to the plane of the antenna and passing through the spiral center point;
• and
• wherein the plurality of sub-arrays are arranged in a three-dimensional configuration.