Ferroelectric memory element and electronic apparatus

A ferroelectric memory element comprising:

• a first electrode layer comprising a metallic material having a cubic crystal structure and oriented in a <111> direction;
• a second electrode layer, having a perovskite-type crystal structure and formed on the first electrode layer so as to be oriented in a <111> direction in a pseudo-cubic system;
• a recording layer comprised by BaTiO3 having a trigonal crystal structure laminated on top of the second electrode layer so as to be oriented in a <111> direction in a pseudo-cubic system;
• and a third electrode layer laminated on top of the recording layer so as to utilize a polarization moment generated in the <111> direction in a pseudo-cubic system in the recording layer for reading recorded signals.

A ferroelectric memory element comprising a first electrode layer comprising Ir or an Ir oxide;

• a second electrode layer comprising Pt having a face-centered-cubic structure and formed on the first electrode layer so as to be oriented in a <111> direction;
• a third electrode layer, having a perovskite-type crystal structure and formed on the second electrode layer so as to be oriented in a <111> direction in a pseudo-cubic system;
• a recording layer, comprising BaTiO3 having a trigonal crystal structure and formed on top of the third electrode layer so as to be oriented in a <111> direction in a pseudo-cubic system;
• and a fourth electrode layer, having a perovskite-type crystal structure and laminated on top of the recording layer so as to be oriented in a <111> direction in a pseudo-cubic system;
• wherein a unit cell of a crystal structure of BaTiO3 in the recording layer is elongated in the <111> direction in a pseudo-cubic system compared with a unit cell of a bulk material of BaTiO3 in a trigonal crystal structure which represents the most stable state, thereby allowing utilization of a polarization moment generated in the <111>direction in a pseudo-cubic system in the recording layer for reading recorded signals.