Hybrid ceramic membrane for water electrolysis application

A dense composite polymeric-ceramic material consisting of:

• a sintered ceramic porous support layer composed of TiO2 nanoparticles, and at least another metal oxide nanoparticle, wherein the TiO2 nanoparticles, and the at least another metal oxide nanoparticle are bonded to each other, wherein the at least another metal oxide nanoparticle is selected from alumina (Al2O3), yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ), yttria tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP), CeO2, CeO2 tetragonal ZrO2 polycrystal (Ce-TZP), ZrO2, SiO2, and SnO2,
• a porous coating layer of TiO2 nanoparticles coated onto the ceramic porous support layer, and
• a polymer filling the pores of both the ceramic porous support layer and the porous coating layer of TiO2 nanoparticles, wherein the polymer is selected from polysulfone (PSU), polypropylene oxide (PPO), an ion-exchange polymer, an ionomer, and combinations thereof.