Display apparatus

A display apparatus comprising:

• a substrate;
• a display element on a surface of the substrate facing in a first direction;
• a pixel-defining layer having an opening defining an emission area of the display element;
• a thin-film encapsulation layer above the display element in the first direction and comprising a first inorganic encapsulation layer, a first organic encapsulation layer, and a second inorganic encapsulation layer;
• a first light-shielding layer between the first inorganic encapsulation layer and the first organic encapsulation layer and having a first opening corresponding to an emission area of the display element;
• and
• a second light-shielding layer over the thin-film encapsulation layer and having a second opening corresponding to the emission area of the display element,
• wherein the first inorganic encapsulation layer comprises a plurality of stacked sub-layers, and
• wherein the first organic encapsulation layer is the nearest organic layer on the display element.