A hybrid system of waste heat utilization-based photovoltaic power generation and seawater desalination, comprising a seawater supply unit, a photovoltaic power generation unit, a heat storage and temperature control unit, electrodialysis units, and an electricity storage and control unit, wherein
- the seawater supply unit comprises:
- a seawater storage tank storing room-temperature seawater;
- a pre-treatment storage tank receiving seawater from the seawater storage tank and being doped with nanoparticles;
- the photovoltaic power generation unit comprises:
- a linear Fresnel lens transmitting and focusing incident parallel sunlight to a beam-splitting cooling tube;
- the beam-splitting cooling tube whose walls are high-transmittance glass and wherein nanoparticle doped seawater inside absorbs long-wavelength light for heating liquid and meanwhile transmits short-wavelength light to a surface of a solar cell;
- the solar cell having an upper surface that receives short-wavelength focused sunlight, and
- a heat collecting tube inside which a heat-carrying working medium flows to collect waste heat of the solar cell and reduce the temperature of the solar cell;
- the heat storage and temperature control unit comprises:
- a phase-change heat reservoir being connected to the beam-splitting cooling tube and the heat collecting tube to store heat from the beam-splitting cooling tube and the heat collecting tube and to supply heat to each electrodialysis unit;
- a first heat exchanger in which room-temperature seawater is heated by the nanoparticle doped seawater from the beam-splitting cooling tube and the phase-change heat reservoir before being introduced into each electrodialysis unit;
- a second heat exchanger in which the room-temperature seawater is heated by the heat-carrying working medium from the heat collecting tube and the phase-change heat reservoir before being introduced into the electrodialysis unit;
- each electrodialysis unit comprises:
- a positive pole and a negative pole;
- a positive pole chamber located between the positive pole and the negative pole and being proximate to the positive pole, and a negative pole chamber located between the positive pole and the negative pole and being proximate to the negative pole;
- at least one set of concentration chambers and desalination chambers, which are arranged in sequence between the positive pole chamber and the negative pole chamber and are arranged alternately at intervals, wherein seawater from the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are concentrated in the concentration chambers and are desalinated in the desalination chambers;
- at least one set of cation-selective membranes and anion-selective membranes, which are arranged in sequence between the positive pole chamber and the negative pole chamber and are arranged alternately at intervals;
- a concentrated liquid storage tank and a desalinated liquid storage tank, which collect a concentrated liquid from the concentration chambers and desalinated liquid from the desalination chambers, respectively;
- the electricity storage and control unit comprises:
- a battery pack having two ends connected to the positive pole and negative pole, and storing electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation unit;
- and
- a circuit controller connected to the battery pack to convert direct current output by the battery pack to alternating current.