Neuromodulation for treatment of neonatal chronic hyperinsulinism

A system for stimulating an anatomical element of a patient, comprising:

• an implantable pulse generator configured to generate a current;
• an electrode device comprising:
• a body;
• and
• a plurality of cuff electrodes configured for placement around the anatomical element, and configured to apply the current to the anatomical element;
• a monitoring device configured to monitor glucose levels in the patient;
• a processor;
• and
• a memory storing data for processing by the processor, the data, when processed, causes the processor to:
• in response to the monitored glucose levels falling below a threshold value:
• transmit instructions to the implantable pulse generator to apply the current to the posterior sub diaphragmatic celiac vagal trunk via a first cuff electrode to downregulate neural activity of the posterior sub diaphragmatic celiac vagal trunk;
• and
• transmit instructions to the implantable pulse generator to apply the current to the anterior sub diaphragmatic hepatic vagal trunk via a second cuff electrode to upregulate neural activity of the anterior sub diaphragmatic hepatic vagal trunk, wherein downregulating neural activity of the posterior sub diaphragmatic celiac vagal trunk and upregulating neural activity of the anterior sub diaphragmatic hepatic vagal trunk reduces insulin production by the patient's pancreas.

A system for regulating insulin production in a patient, comprising:

• an implantable pulse generator configured to generate a current;
• an electrode device electrically coupled to the implantable pulse generator, the electrode device comprising a plurality of cuff electrodes;
• a first cuff electrode of the plurality of cuff electrodes configured for placement around a posterior sub diaphragmatic celiac vagal trunk of the patient, wherein the current generated by the implantable pulse generator is applied to the posterior sub diaphragmatic celiac vagal trunk via the first cuff electrode to downregulate neural activity of the posterior sub diaphragmatic celiac vagal trunk;
• a second cuff electrode of the plurality of cuff electrodes configured for placement around an anterior sub diaphragmatic hepatic vagal trunk of the patient, wherein the current generated by the implantable pulse generator is applied to the anterior sub diaphragmatic hepatic vagal trunk via the second cuff electrode to upregulate neural activity of the anterior sub diaphragmatic hepatic vagal trunk, and wherein downregulating neural activity of the posterior sub diaphragmatic celiac vagal trunk and upregulating neural activity of the anterior sub diaphragmatic hepatic vagal trunk reduces insulin production by the patient's pancreas;
• and
• a monitoring device configured to monitor glucose levels in the patient, wherein the current from the implantable pulse generator is applied when the monitored glucose levels fall below a threshold value.