Continuous glucose monitors and related sensors utilizing mixed model and bayesian calibration algorithms

An apparatus configured to monitor a blood glucose level of a user, the apparatus comprising:

• a memory;
• a display;
• and
• a processor configured to perform operations comprising:
• receiving a time-varying electrical signal from an analyte sensor,
• detecting a start of a temporal phase of a monitoring session, the detecting being based at least in part on an evaluation of a noise component of the time-varying electrical signal, wherein the evaluation of the noise component corresponds to the start of the temporal phase of the monitoring session,
• selecting a calibration model from a plurality of candidate calibration models, the selected calibration model comprising one or more calibration model parameters, the selecting of the calibration model being based at least in part on the temporal phase of the monitoring session,
• estimating at least one of the one or more calibration model parameters of the selected calibration model based on at least the time-varying electrical signal and a reference input during the temporal phase of the monitoring session,
• estimating the blood glucose level of the user based on the selected calibration model and using the estimated at least one of the one or more calibration model parameters of the selected calibration model, and
• displaying the blood glucose level of the user on the display.

A non-transitory, computer-readable medium comprising code that, when executed, causes a processor of an apparatus configured to monitor a blood glucose level of a user to perform operations comprising:

• receiving a time-varying electrical signal from an analyte sensor;
• detecting a start of a temporal phase of a monitoring session, the detecting being based at least in part on an evaluation of a noise component of the time-varying electrical signal, wherein the evaluation of the noise component corresponds to the start of the temporal phase of the monitoring session;
• selecting a calibration model from a plurality of candidate calibration models, the selected calibration model comprising one or more calibration model parameters, the selecting of the calibration model being based at least in part on the temporal phase of the monitoring session;
• estimating at least one of the one or more calibration model parameters of the selected calibration model based on at least the time-varying electrical signal and a reference input during the temporal phase of the monitoring session;
• estimating the blood glucose level of the user based on the selected calibration model and using the estimated at least one of the one or more calibration model parameters of the selected calibration model;
• and
• displaying the blood glucose level of the user on a display.

A method for monitoring a blood glucose level of a user, the method comprising:

• receiving time-varying electrical signals from an analyte sensor during at least first and second temporal phases of a monitoring session, each of the first and second temporal phases being different phases of the monitoring session;
• selecting a first calibration model from a plurality of candidate calibration models for the first temporal phase, the first calibration model comprising one or more calibration model parameters;
• selecting a second calibration model for the second temporal phase, the second calibration model comprising one or more calibration model parameters, and the second calibration model being different than the first calibration model;
• estimating at least one of the one or more calibration model parameters of the first calibration model based at least in part on a portion of the time-varying electrical signals received during the first temporal phase;
• estimating at least one of the one or more calibration model parameters of the second calibration model based at least in part on a portion of the time-varying electrical signals received during the second temporal phase;
• estimating the blood glucose level of the user during the first temporal phase based at least in part on the first calibration model using the at least one estimated parameter of the first calibration model;
• estimating the blood glucose level of the user during the second temporal phase based at least in part on the second calibration model using the at least one estimated parameter of the second calibration model;
• determining at least one of a start or an end of the first temporal phase or the second temporal phase based on an evaluation of a noise component of the time-varying electrical signal satisfying a threshold;
• and
• displaying the blood glucose level of the user during the first temporal phase or the blood glucose level of the user during the second temporal phase on a display.

An apparatus configured to monitor a blood glucose level of a user, the apparatus comprising:

• a memory;
• a display;
• and
• a processor configured to perform operations comprising:
• receiving time-varying electrical signals from an analyte sensor during at least first and second temporal phases of a monitoring session, each of the first and second temporal phases being different phases of the monitoring session,
• selecting a first calibration model from a plurality of calibration models for the first temporal phase, the first calibration model comprising one or more calibration model parameters, selecting a second calibration model for the second temporal phase, the second calibration model comprising one or more calibration model parameters, and the second calibration model being different than the first calibration model,
• estimating at least one of the one or more calibration model parameters of the first calibration model based at least in part on a portion of the time-varying electrical signals received during the first temporal phase,
• estimating at least one of the one or more calibration model parameters of the second calibration model based at least in part on the time-varying electrical signals received during the second temporal phase,
• estimating the blood glucose level of the user during the first temporal phase based at least in part on the first calibration model using the at least one estimated parameter of the first calibration model,
• estimating the blood glucose level of the user during the second temporal phase based at least in part on the second calibration model using the at least one estimated parameter of the second calibration model,
• determining at least one of a start or an end of the first temporal phase or the second temporal phase based on an evaluation of a noise component of the time-varying electrical signal satisfying a threshold, and
• displaying the blood glucose level of the user during the first temporal phase or the blood glucose level of the user during the second temporal phase on the display.