Quasi-helical antennas and associated manufacturing methods

A quasi-helical antenna (1000), comprising a plurality of substantially straight conductive segments (1120), arranged in a sequence around a central axis (1200) in a periodic, repeating, quasi-helical arrangement, wherein each conductive segment (1120) is electrically coupled to one or more adjacent conductive segments (1120) in the sequence, wherein the antenna (1000) is configured to emit or receive electromagnetic energy as a beam or region aligned with the central axis (1200),

• wherein the conductive segments (1120) are patterned within a stack of printed circuit boards (PCB) (1100), wherein one or more of the conductive segments (1120) comprise one or more traces (1135) on one or more surfaces (1140) of one or more PCBs of the stack of PCBs (1100) and one or more of the conductive segments (1120) comprise one or more vias (1130) between two or more surfaces (1140) of two or more PCBs of the stack of PCBs (1100).