Fluidized bed reactor systems and methods for torrefaction and catalytic pyrolysis of biomass

A fluidized bed reactor for biomass treatment comprising:

• a vessel defining a chamber extending continuously and uninterrupted in a first direction from a first end to a second end;
• an inlet at the first end of the vessel for feeding particles into the vessel;
• an outlet at the second end of the vessel for outputting processed particles;
• a first fluid inlet independently activatable to deliver a first volume of a gas in a second direction into a first region of the chamber;
• a second fluid inlet spaced apart from the first fluid inlet in the first direction and independently activatable to deliver a second volume of the gas in the second direction into a second region of the chamber, the second region adjacent the first region;
• and
• wherein the first direction is non-parallel to the second direction.