Repeated cycles square wave voltammetry

A device for measuring a component of an aqueous sample using square wave voltammetry, comprising:

• a voltammetric electrode;
• at least one reference electrode;
• at least one counter electrode;
• and
• a memory storing instructions executable by a processor to:
• apply a stimulus voltage step to the aqueous sample, wherein the stimulus voltage comprises a staircase voltage, wherein each step of the staircase voltage defines a group and comprises two or more repeated square wave modulations of equal voltage amplitude;
• measure a resultant current output resulting from the stimulus voltage, wherein the measuring comprises square wave voltammetry;
• and
• average the resultant current output across the two or more repeated square wave modulations of the group, wherein the averaging consists essentially of separating the resultant current output into a positive half cycle resultant current output and a negative half cycle resultant current output, each of which is passed thru a finite impulse response filter.

A system for measuring a component of an aqueous sample using square wave voltammetry, comprising:

• a voltammetric electrode;
• at least one reference electrode;
• at least one counter electrode;
• and
• a storage device having code stored therewith, the code being executable by the processor and comprising:
• code that applies a stimulus voltage step to the aqueous sample, wherein the stimulus voltage comprises a staircase voltage, wherein each step of the staircase voltage defines a group and comprises repeated square wave modulations of equal voltage amplitude;
• code that measures a resultant current output resulting from the stimulus voltage, wherein the measuring comprises square wave voltammetry;
• and
• code that averages the resultant current output across the two or more repeated square wave modulations of the group, wherein the averaging consists essentially of separating the resultant current output into a positive half cycle resultant current output and a negative half cycle resultant current output, each of which is passed thru a finite impulse response filter.