Operation method of memory controller configured to control memory device

An operation method of a memory controller which is configured to control a memory device, the method comprising:

• transmitting a first program command, a first address, and first write data to the memory device;
• transmitting a first read command and the first address to the memory device to receive first read data from the memory device, the transmitting the first read command being performed in response to the transmitting the first program command;
• comparing the first read data and the first write data to extract first error position information about a position of at least one error included in the first read data;
• and
• transmitting a second program command, a second address, and the first error position information to the memory device.

An operation method of a memory controller which is configured to control a memory device, the method comprising:

• performing a first read operation on a first area of the memory device to read first read data;
• performing a plurality of second read operations on the first area of the memory device to read a plurality of soft decision data, based on an error of the first read data not being corrected through a first error correction operation for the first read data;
• performing a second read operation on a second area of the memory device to read error position information;
• refining at least one of the plurality of soft decision data based on the error position information to generate a plurality of refined soft decision data;
• and
• performing a second error correction operation on the plurality of refined soft decision data to output corrected data.