Two-dimensional photonic-crystal surface-emitting laser

Abstract

A two-dimensional photonic-crystal surface-emitting laser includes an active layer, a two-dimensional photonic crystal, and electrodes. The two-dimensional photonic crystal contains a plate-shaped base material arranged on one side of the active layer and different refractive index portions arranged at lattice points of a predetermined lattice in the base material and having a refractive index different from that of the base material, a band edge frequency for each position in an electric current supply region, which is at least a part of the two-dimensional photonic crystal, is monotonically increased in one direction parallel to the base material. Such a two-dimensional photonic crystal occurs when the different refractive index portion has a refractive index smaller than that of the base material, a filling factor, which is a ratio of a volume occupied by the different refractive index portion in a unit lattice constituting the lattice, is monotonically increased in the one direction.

Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.