Regenerable affinity sensors and associated methods

A method comprising:

• providing an affinity sensor comprising:
• at least one sensing element comprising a recognition moiety that interacts with an analyte by reversibly forming an analyte complex;
• wherein formation of the analyte complex is pH-dependent;
• and
• wherein the at least one sensing element provides a signal that changes when the analyte complex reversibly forms, and a change in magnitude of the signal is correlatable to an amount of analyte interacted with the at least one sensing element;
• and
• a solid state pH modulating element in proximity to the at least one sensing element;
• a working electrode and a counter electrode;
• wherein the working electrode is in proximity to the at least one sensing element;
• and
• wherein the working electrode has a material upon the working electrode that is operable to generate or consume protons when applying a potential or current thereto;
• and
• interacting an analyte with the sensing element comprising a recognition moiety that reversibly forms an analyte complex in a pH-dependent manner, the sensing element changing from a first state to a second state upon interacting with the analyte to form the analyte complex;
• wherein the sensing element provides a signal that changes when the analyte complex reversibly forms, and a change in magnitude of the signal between the first state and the second state is correlatable to an amount of analyte interacted with the sensing element;
• and
• actuating the working electrode.