Loudspeaker

A loudspeaker configured to be mounted in a seat assembly, the loudspeaker including:

• a diaphragm having a first radiating surface and a second radiating surface, wherein the first radiating surface and the second radiating surface are located on opposite faces of the diaphragm;
• a drive unit configured to move the diaphragm based on an electrical signal;
• a loudspeaker support structure, wherein the diaphragm is suspended from the loudspeaker support structure via one or more loudspeaker suspension elements;
• wherein the loudspeaker support structure encloses a volume configured to receive sound produced by the second radiating surface, wherein the loudspeaker support structure includes one or more regions of porous material having a specific airflow resistance in the range 300-5000 Pa·s/m, wherein the one or more regions of porous material are configured to allow sound produced by the second radiating surface to exit the volume enclosed by the loudspeaker support structure via the one or more regions of porous material;
• wherein the loudspeaker has an electrical Q factor, Qes, that is 5 or more and a mechanical Q factor, Qms, that is 2 or less.

A loudspeaker configured to be mounted in a seat assembly, the loudspeaker including:

• a diaphragm having a first radiating surface and a second radiating surface, wherein the first radiating surface and the second radiating surface are located on opposite faces of the diaphragm;
• a drive unit configured to move the diaphragm based on an electrical signal;
• a loudspeaker support structure, wherein the diaphragm is suspended from the loudspeaker support structure via one or more loudspeaker suspension elements;
• wherein the loudspeaker support structure encloses a volume configured to receive sound produced by the second radiating surface, wherein the loudspeaker support structure includes one or more regions of porous material having a specific airflow resistance in the range 300-5000 Pa·s/m, wherein the one or more regions of porous material are configured to allow sound produced by the second radiating surface to exit the volume enclosed by the loudspeaker support structure via the one or more regions of porous material;
• wherein the loudspeaker support structure includes a rigid frame from which the diaphragm is suspended via one or more loudspeaker suspension elements;
• wherein the drive unit is an electromagnetic drive unit that includes a magnet unit configured to produce a magnetic field in an air gap, and wherein the magnet unit forms at least part of the rigid frame from which the diaphragm is suspended via one or more loudspeaker suspension elements, and the one or more regions of porous material are formed by a material having a specific airflow resistance in the range 300-5000 Pa·s/m which covers one or more openings in the magnet unit.

A loudspeaker configured to be mounted in a seat assembly, the loudspeaker including:

• a diaphragm having a first radiating surface and a second radiating surface, wherein the first radiating surface and the second radiating surface are located on opposite faces of the diaphragm;
• a drive unit configured to move the diaphragm based on an electrical signal;
• a loudspeaker support structure, wherein the diaphragm is suspended from the loudspeaker support structure via one or more loudspeaker suspension elements;
• wherein the loudspeaker support structure encloses a volume configured to receive sound produced by the second radiating surface, wherein the loudspeaker support structure includes one or more regions of porous material having a specific airflow resistance in the range 300-5000 Pa·s/m, wherein the one or more regions of porous material are configured to allow sound produced by the second radiating surface to exit the volume enclosed by the loudspeaker support structure via the one or more regions of porous material;
• wherein the loudspeaker has a directivity index within a designated frequency band of 300 Hz-3 kHz that is 4 dB or more for substantially the entire designated frequency band.

A loudspeaker configured to be mounted in a seat assembly, the loudspeaker including:

• a diaphragm having a first radiating surface and a second radiating surface, wherein the first radiating surface and the second radiating surface are located on opposite faces of the diaphragm;
• a drive unit configured to move the diaphragm based on an electrical signal;
• a loudspeaker support structure, wherein the diaphragm is suspended from the loudspeaker support structure via one or more loudspeaker suspension elements;
• wherein the loudspeaker support structure encloses a volume configured to receive sound produced by the second radiating surface, wherein the loudspeaker support structure includes one or more regions of porous material having a specific airflow resistance in the range 300-5000 Pa·s/m, wherein the one or more regions of porous material are configured to allow sound produced by the second radiating surface to exit the volume enclosed by the loudspeaker support structure via the one or more regions of porous material;
• wherein the loudspeaker has, within a designated frequency band of 300 Hz-3 kHz, a sound pressure level, SPL, measured on a principal radiating axis that is at least 6 dB higher than the SPL measured at the same listening distance at 180° to the principal radiating axis, for substantially the entire designated frequency band.