Machine learning for automatic detection of intracranial hemorrhages with uncertainty measures from medical images

An apparatus comprising:

• means for receiving one or more input medical images of a patient;
• means for performing a medical imaging analysis task from the one or more input medical images using a machine learning based network, the machine learning based network generating a probability score associated with the medical imaging analysis task;
• means for determining an uncertainty measure representing an error associated with the probability score by:
• selecting a calibration function comprising a fixed point defined according to a user selected threshold at which probability scores are totally uncertain;
• applying the calibration function to the probability score, and
• calculating an entropy of the probability score as the uncertainty measure based on results of the applied calibration function;
• and
• means for making a clinical decision based on the probability score and the uncertainty measure.

A non-transitory computer readable medium storing computer program instructions, the computer program instructions when executed by a processor cause the processor to perform operations comprising:

• receiving one or more input medical images of a patient;
• performing a medical imaging analysis task from the one or more input medical images using a machine learning based network, the machine learning based network generating a probability score associated with the medical imaging analysis task;
• determining an uncertainty measure representing an error associated with the probability score by:
• selecting a calibration function comprising a fixed point defined according to a user selected threshold at which probability scores are totally uncertain;
• applying the calibration function to the probability score, and
• calculating an entropy of the probability score as the uncertainty measure based on results of the applied calibration function;
• and
• making a clinical decision based on the probability score and the uncertainty measure.