Image processing apparatuses including CNN-based in-loop filter

An encoding apparatus comprising:

• a filtering unit configured to generate filtering information by filtering a residual image corresponding to a difference between an original image and a prediction image;
• an inverse filtering unit configured to generate inverse filtering information by inversely filtering the filtering information;
• an estimator configured to generate the prediction image based on the original image and reconstruction information;
• a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based in-loop filter configured to receive the inverse filtering information and the prediction image and to output the reconstruction information;
• a decoded picture buffer configured to receive and store the reconstruction information;
• and
• an encoder configured to perform encoding based on the filtering information and information of the prediction image,
• wherein the CNN-based in-loop filter is trained for each of the plurality of artefact sections according to an artefact value or for each of the plurality of quantization parameter sections according to a quantization parameter.