System and method for providing grid-forming control of an inverter-based resource
AssigneeGE Infrastructure Technology LLC
InventorDustin Howard
Life of this patent
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Abstract
A method and associated system for providing grid-forming (GFM) control of an inverter-based resource (IBR) connected to an electrical grid include monitoring the electrical grid for grid events that cause a change in one or both of grid frequency and angle. Via a controller, an active power response of the IBR to the grid event is controlled by changing an angle of the IBR voltage relative to grid voltage in a manner so as to mimic an active power response of an IBR having a certain desired impedance that may similar to or different from a hardware impedance of the IBR itself.
Claims12
A method for providing grid-forming (GFM) control of an inverter-based resource (IBR) connected to an electrical grid, the method comprising:
- monitoring the electrical grid for grid events that cause a change in one or both of grid frequency and angle;
- controlling, via a controller, an active power response of the IBR to the grid event by changing an angle of the IBR voltage relative to grid voltage in a manner so as to mimic an active power response of an IBR having a certain desired impedance;
- wherein the desired impedance is different than a hardware impedance of the IBR;
- estimating grid frequency and angle using a phase-locked loop (PLL), wherein changes in grid frequency and angle are reflected in a PLL frequency and a PLL error, wherein the PLL error becomes non-zero for rapid changes in grid frequency or angle, and further comprising calculating a first frequency component that is a derivative of the PLL error and a second frequency component that is proportional to the PLL error;
- and
- summing the first and second frequency components with the PLL frequency to obtain a high-bandwidth estimation of grid frequency;
- combining the high-bandwidth estimation of grid frequency with an inertial power regulator frequency;
- and
- integrating the combined high-bandwidth estimation of grid frequency and inertial power regulator frequency to generate an internal angle reference for grid-forming mode control of the IBR.
A system for controlling a power generating system in grid-forming (GFM) mode, the power system having an inverter-based resource (IBR) connected to an electrical grid, the system comprising:
- a controller comprising at least one processor, the at least one processor configured to perform a plurality of operations, the plurality of operations comprising:
- monitoring the electrical grid for grid events that cause a change in one or both of grid frequency and angle;
- and
- controlling an active power response of the IBR to the grid event by changing an angle of the IBR voltage relative to grid voltage in a manner that mimics an active power response of a GFM source having a certain desired impedance;
- wherein the controller is further configured to estimate grid frequency and angle using a phase-locked loop (PLL), wherein changes in grid frequency and angle are reflected in a PLL frequency and a PLL error, wherein the PLL error becomes non-zero for rapid changes in grid frequency or angle, the controller further configured to calculate a first frequency component that is a derivative of the PLL error and a second frequency component that is proportional to the PLL error;
- wherein the controller is further configured for:
- summing the first and second frequency components with the PLL frequency to obtain a high-bandwidth estimation of grid frequency;
- combining the high-bandwidth estimation of grid frequency with an inertial power regulator frequency;
- and
- integrating the combined high-bandwidth estimation of grid frequency and inertial power regulator frequency to generate an internal angle reference for grid-forming control of the IBR.
A converter controller for providing grid-forming (GFM) control of an inverter-based resource (IBR) connected to an electrical grid, the converter controller comprising:
- a controller comprising at least one processor, the at least one processor configured to perform a plurality of operations, the plurality of operations comprising:
- monitoring the electrical grid for grid events that cause a change in one or both of grid frequency and angle;
- and
- controlling an active power response of the IBR to the grid event by changing an angle of the IBR voltage relative to grid voltage in a manner that mimics an active power response of a GFM source having a certain desired impedance;
- wherein the converter controller is further configured to estimate grid frequency and angle using a phase-locked loop (PLL), wherein changes in grid frequency and angle are reflected in a PLL frequency and a PLL error;
- and
- wherein the PLL error becomes non-zero for rapid changes in grid frequency or angle, the converter controller further configured to perform the following operations:
- calculate a first frequency component that is a derivate of the PLL error and a second frequency component that is proportional to the PLL error;
- sum the first and second frequency components with the PLL frequency to obtain a high-bandwidth estimation of grid frequency;
- combine the high-bandwidth estimation of grid frequency with an inertial power regulator frequency;
- and
- integrate the combined high-bandwidth estimation of grid frequency and inertial power regulator frequency to generate an internal angle reference for gating control of the IBR.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.