Method for determining a probe signal, characterisation method using such a signal and device thereof

A method for determining a probe signal for acoustically characterising an electrochemical system, the probe signal being determined by an identification signal transmitted in a reference electrochemical system so as to induce a response from the reference electrochemical system, the method comprising, for a plurality of operating points {PFi} of the reference electrochemical system, each operating point PFi being defined by at least one operating parameter wpji of the reference electrochemical system:

• a step of transmitting the identification signal, the identification signal being composed of a plurality of frequencies over a predetermined bandwidth and being chosen so as to establish a steady state within the reference electrochemical system and induce a linear response within the reference electrochemical system;
• a step of measuring the response of the reference electrochemical system to the identification signal;
• in such a way as to obtain a plurality of responses of the reference electrochemical system, each response being associated with a given operating point PFi;
• the method further comprising:
• a step of determining correlations between the operating parameter or parameters wpji defining the considered operating point PFi and at least one feature of the response of the reference electrochemical system;
• and
• a step of determining a probe signal from the feature or features wpi having a correlation with the operating parameter or parameters wpi above a predetermined threshold value.