Process for nanostructuring the surface of a material by laser

Process for nanostructuring a surface of a solid material in order to form a regular pattern of nanostructures on said surface, said process comprising:

• supplying the solid material, said material comprising the surface;
• irradiating a portion of the surface by a femtosecond laser beam, comprising a plurality of pulse trains, wherein:
• each pulse train comprises at least two pulses,
• each pulse has a peak fluence, and a sum of the peak fluences of the pulses of a pulse train is between 10% and 70% of a threshold fluence corresponding to a material ablation threshold for one pulse for said material,
• two consecutive pulses of a pulse train are temporally separated by a peak-to-peak duration ΔT between 500 fs and 150 ps,
• two consecutive pulse trains are temporally separated by a duration greater than 10 ΔT,
• obtaining of a regular pattern of nanostructures on said portion of the surface, having a spatial periodicity lower than 130 nm,
• displacing the femtosecond laser beam on the surface in such a way as to irradiate other portions of said surface.