Data backup method and apparatus, server, and computer-readable storage medium

A server including a processor and a memory that stores at least one instruction that, when executed by the processor, causes the server to perform operations comprising:

• receiving a backup task that is used for backing up a data item of a target data table;
• obtaining a first snapshot difference between a first historical transaction snapshot and a second historical transaction snapshot when a backup time of the backup task is a historical time period, the first historical transaction snapshot and the second historical transaction snapshot being transaction snapshots respectively located at a start moment and an end moment of the historical time period;
• determining a version of the data item that is visible based at least on a transaction submission time of the version of the data item being within the historical time period;
• and
• performing the backup task based on the first snapshot difference to obtain backup data including at least the visible version of the data item in the target data table, wherein
• the performing the backup task includes backing up a first data block that stores a plurality of historical state data of the target data table, and
• whether the backing up of the first data block is in the form of a block copy of the plurality of historical state data is based on a proportion of the plurality of historical state data stored in the first data block that are visible versions.

A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing at least one instruction that, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform operations comprising:

• receiving a backup task that is used for backing up a data item of a target data table;
• obtaining a first snapshot difference between a first historical transaction snapshot and a second historical transaction snapshot when a backup time of the backup task is a historical time period, the first historical transaction snapshot and the second historical transaction snapshot being transaction snapshots respectively located at a start moment and an end moment of the historical time period;
• determining a version of the data item that is visible based at least on a transaction submission time of the version of the data item being within the historical time period;
• and
• performing the backup task based on the first snapshot difference to obtain backup data including at least a visible version of the data item in the target data table, wherein
• the performing the backup task includes backing up a first data block that stores a plurality of historical state data of the target data table, and
• whether the backing up of the first data block is in the form of a block copy of the plurality of historical state data is based on a proportion of the plurality of historical state data stored in the first data block that are visible versions.