Methods and systems of optical diagnosis for refractive eye exams

A system for optical diagnosis for eye exams, comprising:

• an objective aberrometer module configured to obtain an objective measurement of a total wave aberration of an eye of a patient, wherein the objective measurement does not involve responses from the patient;
• an objective refraction software module for determining, from the total wave aberration of the eye, a sphero-cylindrical correction that includes an objective spherical power (SPH_o), an objective cylinder power (CYL_o), an objective cylinder axis (AXIS_o), and wherein the sphero-cylindrical correction achieves a best image quality for the eye from the total wave aberration in the eye through objective vision optimization;
• and
• an optical diagnosis module configured to:
• a) compute a simulated retinal image under the objectively determined sphero-cylindrical correction by computing a point-spread function from residual aberrations and convolving the computed point-spread function with an acuity chart, wherein the residual aberrations is computed by subtracting the sphero-cylindrical correction from the total wave aberration;
• b) display the simulated retinal image on a display device, and
• c) provide an optical diagnosis through a human-machine interface, wherein the optical diagnosis includes at least one of:
• c1) determining excess aberrations in the eye, the excess aberrations being defined as a portion of the residual aberrations that are more than high-order aberrations in eyes for normal optics for seeing at least 20/20 with clear vision or for exceptional optics for seeing at least 20/12;
• c2) ranking an optics of the eye into a plurality of optical grades based on the simulated retinal image;
• c3) selecting the eye for which high-definition eyeglasses is delivered if the eye has the potential of seeing 20/12 acuity according to the simulated retinal image, wherein the high-definition eyeglasses are made with free-form technology with an incremental step finer than 0.25D for at least a cylinder power CYL;
• c4) identifying amblyopia or macular diseases based on the simulated retinal image and a best corrected visual acuity for the eye, wherein the best corrected visual acuity is subjectively determined;
• or
• c5) choosing an objective refraction for vision correction, the choosing comprising generating a plurality of objective sphero-cylindrical corrections that differ from each other in cylinder power, calculating a plurality of calculated retinal images that correspond to the generated objective sphero-cylindrical corrections, and reviewing the calculated retinal images on the display device.