Short-circuit welding method and welding device

A short-circuit welding method with successive welding cycles, each of which having an arc phase (6) and a short-circuit phase (7), with the following steps during a welding cycle:

• conveying a melting welding wire (3) away from a workpiece (5) during the short-circuit phase (7) at a rearward speed (−vd) so that material is discharged from the welding wire (3) to the workpiece (5) and an arc is ignited, wherein the welding wire (3) is brought to a final rearward speed (vre_max) during the short-circuit phase (7) in a first rearward conveying phase (13) with a first duration (T1) and is conveyed therewith until the beginning of a second rearward conveying phase (15) in which the rearward speed (−vd) of the welding wire (3) is reduced again, wherein the second rearward conveying phase (15) immediately follows the end of the first rearward conveying phase (13);
• and
• conveying the welding wire (3) in the direction of the workpiece (5) during the arc phase (6) at a forward speed (vd) in order to bring the welding wire (3) into contact with the workpiece (5) and to generate a short-circuit between the welding wire (3) and the workpiece (5), wherein the welding wire (3) is brought to a final forward speed (vv_max) during the arc phase (6) in a first forward conveying phase (16) with a second duration (T2) and is conveyed therewith until the beginning of a second forward conveying phase (18), in which the forward speed (vd) of the welding wire (3) is reduced again, wherein the second forward conveying phase (18) immediately follows the end of the first forward conveying phase (16),
• wherein
• the first duration (T1) of the first rearward conveying phase (13) is adjusted by means of feedforward control and/or feedback control in such a way that the welding wire (3) in the second rearward conveying phase (15) does not exceed a predetermined reduced rearward speed (vre_K) at the point in time of interruption (12) of the short-circuit, wherein the first rearward conveying phase (13) is shortened or lengthened by adjusting the first duration (T1), wherein the absolute amount of the predetermined reduced rearward speed (vre_K) is less than the absolute amount of the final rearward speed (vre_max).