Electromagnetic drive device and operation device

An electromagnetic drive device comprising:

• a first yoke;
• a second yoke arranged to be opposite to the first yoke in a first direction;
• a permanent magnet attached to a surface of the first yoke facing the second yoke;
• and
• a first excitation coil and a second excitation coil attached to the second yoke to generate magnetic flux when being energized,
• wherein the second yoke includes
• a base, and
• a first protruding part protruding from the base toward the first yoke, between the first excitation coil and the second excitation coil,
• wherein the first excitation coil and the second excitation coil are arranged to have the first protruding part interposed in-between in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction,
• wherein an axial core direction of the first excitation coil and the second excitation coil is parallel to the first direction,
• wherein the permanent magnet includes
• a first region,
• a second region positioned on one side of the first region in the second direction, and
• a third region positioned on another side of the first region in the second direction,
• wherein the first region is magnetized to be a first magnetic pole,
• wherein the second region and the third region are magnetized to be second magnetic poles,
• wherein the first region is opposite to the first protruding part,
• wherein a boundary between the first region and the second region is opposite to the first excitation coil, and
• wherein a boundary between the first region and the third region is opposite to the second excitation coil.