Aircraft door mechanism, and associated aircraft and moving method

An aircraft door mechanism comprising:

• an aircraft structure delimiting an opening, the aircraft structure having an outer surface and an inner surface;
• an aircraft door mounted movable relative to the aircraft structure between a closed off position, in which the aircraft door closes off the opening, and a released position, in which the aircraft door is positioned away from the opening, the aircraft door having an outer face and an inner face, the outer face being in contact with a mass of air outside the aircraft structure, when the aircraft door is in the closed off position;
• and
• a guide system configured to guide a movement of the aircraft door between the closed off and released positions, the guide system comprising a main rail that is fixed relative to the aircraft structure and a main carriage mechanically connected to the aircraft door, the main carriage being configured to slide on the main rail during the movement of the aircraft door between the closed off and released positions, the main rail being positioned between the outer face of the aircraft door and the inner surface of the aircraft structure during at least part of the movement of the aircraft door between the closed off and released positions;
• wherein the guide system further comprises at least one connecting rod, the main carriage being mechanically connected to the aircraft door by the connecting rod, the connecting rod having at least a first articulation end with the main carriage and a second articulation end with the aircraft door, the second articulation end defining a center of rotation of the connecting rod with respect to the aircraft door, the center of rotation being fixed in position with respect to the outer face of the aircraft door;
• wherein the connecting rod is configured to lock the aircraft door in the closed off position, the connecting rod including an extension return system configured to exert an elastic force on the main carriage, and the connecting rod being configured to be over-centered relative to the main carriage.