Anticorrosive and conductive material

An anticorrosive and conductive substrate comprising:

• a bulk portion;
• and
• a surface portion including a magnesium titanium oxide material having both an electrically insulating, chemically inert MgO phase and an electrically conductive TiO phase, and including more than about 10 atomic % Ti such that the material includes:
• MgO cubic crystal structures and TiO cubic crystal structures, and
• MgO electrically insulating nanodomains and TiO electrically conductive nanodomains,
• the material being configured to impart anticorrosive and conductive properties to the substrate.