Triple containment targets for particle irradiation

A method for isolating irradiated samples, the method comprising:

• a) placing a non-irradiated sample in a capsule;
• b) encasing the capsule in a container;
• c) reversibly sealing the container proximal to an upstream end of a target containment housing, wherein the upstream end is integrally molded to the housing;
• d) imposing a plurality of reversible hermetic seals within the housing and downstream from the capsule;
• e) irradiating the non-irradiated sample for a time and at a power density to obtain desired isotope;
• f) removing the hermetic seals;
• and
• g) removing the capsule.

A method for preventing irradiated materials from contaminating the environment, the method comprising:

• a) placing a non-irradiated sample in a capsule;
• b) encasing the capsule in a container;
• c) positioning the container between an upstream closed end of a target containment housing, wherein the upstream closed end is integrally molded to the housing;
• d) contacting sheets of graphite to a downstream end of the capsule;
• e) placing a first deformable disk between the sheets of graphite and an open downstream end of the housing, whereby the first deformable disk and the sheets of graphite are axially compressed by a first male-female threaded coupling positioned downstream of the first deformable disk;
• f) reversibly sealing the first male-female threaded coupling between the upstream closed end of the target containment housing and a second deformable disk whereby the second deformable disk is axially compressed by a second male-female threaded coupling disposed downstream of the first male-female threaded coupling;
• g) irradiating the non-irradiated sample for a time and at a power density to obtain a desired isotope;
• h) removing the first and second deformable substrates;
• and
• i) removing the capsule.