Surgical implants

A surgical implant comprising a plastic component having an exterior side surface, an interior side surface, a top surface, and a bottom surface, wherein:

• each of the exterior and interior side surfaces has a plurality of vertical, elongated microgrooves and each of the top and bottom surfaces has a plurality of concentric, elongated microgrooves, wherein the vertical and concentric, elongated microgrooves are configured to enhance bone growth and osseointegration with adjacent bone and, after the osseointegration, increase pull-out force of the surgical implant from the adjacent bone, wherein:
• each pair of adjacent, elongated microgrooves running along the exterior side surface from the top surface to the bottom surface is separated by a single, contiguous, elongated crest running from the top surface to the bottom surface;
• each pair of adjacent, elongated microgrooves running along the interior side surface from the top surface to the bottom surface is separated by a single, contiguous, elongated crest running from the top surface to the bottom surface;
• and
• the elongated microgrooves have widths of less than or equal to 12 micrometers, depths of less than or equal to 12 micrometers, crest widths of less than or equal to 12 micrometers, and a periodicity of less than or equal to 24 micrometers, wherein:
• after the surgical implant has been implanted, the top and bottom surfaces are configured to be in direct contact with bone;
• and
• the vertical and concentric, elongated microgrooves are configured to inhibit soft tissue ingrowth across the elongated microgrooves, inhibit scar tissue formation where bone is needed to generate, and induce contact guidance to promote bone growth in the direction of the elongated microgrooves.