Multi-modal ultrasound probe for calibration-free cuff-less evaluation of blood pressure

An arterial compliance probe for cuff-less measurement of blood pressure (BP) of a subject, the arterial compliance probe comprising:

• a probe holder to apply the arterial compliance probe on a measurement site of the subject;
• a single element ultrasound transducer, connected to a first end of the probe holder, configured to measure a change in arterial dimensions over a cardiac cycle;
• a bio-potential sensor, connected to a second end of the probe holder and is arranged in concentric arrangement around the single element ultrasound transducer,
• wherein the bio-potential sensor measures a bio-potential signal acting on the measurement site, wherein the bio-potential signal is a function of at least one of an arterial pressure level measured by the bio-potential sensor, an applied or hold-down pressure measured by the bio-potential sensor, and external factors acting during the measurement of the change in arterial dimensions over a cardiac cycle using the arterial compliance probe;
• a controller, connected to the bio-potential sensor and the single element ultrasound transducer, configured to measure a variation in local pulse wave velocity (PWV) over a cardiac cycle based on the change in the arterial dimensions and the bio-potential signal for the measurement of BP, wherein the controller is configured to determine the BP by applying at least one P-β Model on the bio-potential signal, the arterial dimensions and the variation in local PWV, wherein P-β Model derived using the proportionality relationship between a ratio of arterial pressure level at any fiducial point (Ψ) in a cardiac cycle to a diastolic BP level of the same cardiac cycle and (1) the ratio of the square of local PWV (CΨ) at the selected fiducial point and local PWV (CD) at the diastolic point, (2) the ratio of end-diastolic diameter (DD) to arterial diameter (DΨ) at the selected fiducial point.