Neuromodulation apparatus, method and system

A system for concurrent electrical stimulation and electrical recording in an animal subject, the system comprising:

• a system controller adapted to provide closed-loop feedback in response to received recorded data;
• and
• an implantable apparatus coupleable to the system controller and to an implantable electrode array comprising a plurality of electrodes, the implantable apparatus comprising an integrated circuit, the integrated circuit comprising:
• a plurality of current sources;
• a first multiplexer coupled to the plurality of current sources, the first multiplexer comprising a first plurality of switches;
• a second multiplexer coupled to the first multiplexer, the second multiplexer comprising a second plurality of switches, each switch of the second multiplexer coupleable to a corresponding electrode of the plurality of electrodes;
• a switchable voltage offset circuit coupleable to the corresponding electrode of the plurality of electrodes;
• a switchable grounding circuit coupleable to the corresponding electrode of the plurality of electrodes, the switchable grounding circuit arranged in parallel with the switchable voltage offset circuit;
• and
• a stimulator controller coupled to the plurality of current sources, the first multiplexer, the second multiplexer, the switchable voltage offset circuit, and the switchable grounding circuit, the stimulator controller adapted to generate a first plurality of control signals to provide the electrical stimulation to one or more selected electrodes of a first plurality of electrodes of the electrode array.

An apparatus for concurrent electrical stimulation and electrical recording in a human or non-human subject, the apparatus coupleable to an electrode array comprising a plurality of electrodes, the apparatus comprising:

• a stimulation circuit selectively coupleable to the plurality of electrodes, the stimulation circuit comprising:
• at least one current source;
• a first multiplexer coupled to the at least one current source, the first multiplexer comprising a first plurality of switches;
• a second multiplexer coupled to the first multiplexer, the second multiplexer comprising a second plurality of switches, each switch of the second multiplexer coupleable to a corresponding electrode of the plurality of electrodes;
• a switchable voltage offset circuit coupleable to the corresponding electrode of the plurality of electrodes;
• a switchable grounding circuit coupleable to the corresponding electrode of the plurality of electrodes, the switchable grounding circuit arranged in parallel with the switchable voltage offset circuit;
• and
• a stimulator controller coupled to the at least one current source, the first multiplexer, the second multiplexer, the switchable voltage offset circuit, and the switchable grounding circuit, the stimulator controller adapted to generate a plurality of control signals to provide a stimulation current to one or more selected electrodes of a first plurality of electrodes of the electrode array;
• a recorder circuit, wherein concurrently with the stimulation current to the one or more selected electrodes of the first plurality of electrodes of the electrode array, the recorder circuit is adapted to generate recorded data from one or more electrical signals from one or more selected electrodes of a second plurality of electrodes of the electrode array, the second plurality of electrodes different from the first plurality of electrodes;
• and
• one or more switchable blocking circuits coupled to the recorder circuit and further correspondingly coupleable to the plurality of electrodes, the one or more switchable blocking circuits responsive to corresponding one or more control signals of the plurality of control signals to couple the recorder circuit to the one or more selected electrodes of the second plurality of electrodes and to uncouple the recorder circuit from the one or more selected electrodes of the first plurality of electrodes to block a stimulation current on the one or more selected electrodes of the first plurality of electrodes from the recorder circuit.