Systems and methods for monitoring neural activity

A neuromodulation system, comprising:

• a lead having at least one electrode adapted for implantation in or near a target neural structure in the brain;
• a signal generator selectively coupled to one or more of the at least one electrode and configured to:
• generate and apply a first stimulus to one or more of the at least one electrode, the first stimulus comprising a first plurality of bursts of stimulation;
• and
• generate and apply a second stimulus to one or more of the at least one electrode, the second stimulus comprising a second plurality of bursts of stimulation;
• a measurement device selectively coupled to one or more of the at least one electrode and configured to detect high frequency oscillations (HFOs) between about 200 Hz and about 500 Hz generated from neural activity at one or more of the at least one electrode when implanted in the brain at least partially during application of the first stimulus;
• and
• a processing unit coupled to the measurement device and configured to determine one or more waveform characteristics of the detected HFOs,
• wherein one or more waveform characteristics of the second stimulus is dependent on the one of more waveform characteristics of the HFOs.

A method for monitoring neural activity responsive to a stimulus in a brain, the method comprising:

• a. applying a first stimulus to one or more of at least one electrode implanted in the brain, the first stimulus comprising a first plurality of bursts of stimulation,
• b. detecting high frequency oscillations (HFOs) due to neuronal activity at one or more of the at least one electrode implanted in the brain at least partially during application of the first stimulus;
• c. determining one or more waveform characteristics of the HFOs;
• and
• d. generating a second stimulus comprising a second plurality of bursts of stimulation, wherein one or more waveform characteristics of the second stimulus is dependent on the one of more waveform characteristics of the HFOs;
• and
• e. applying the second stimulus to one or more of the at least one electrode implanted in the brain,
• wherein the first plurality of bursts and/or the second plurality of bursts are separated by a first pattern time period, each burst comprising a plurality of pulses separated by a second pattern time period, wherein the first pattern time period is greater than the second pattern time period.